To measure time accurately including periods of thousands and even millions of years the ancient Mayas used a series of several cycles or calendars like wheels within wheels.
In the Long Count, the recent cycle of 13 Baktuns (about 5,125 years), led to the Winter Solstice end date of 21st December 2012. With the 3 main cycles, this date can be written as below :
The sacred Tzolkin Mayan Calendar, a cycle of 260 days, is the core wheel which is still traditionally used in daykeeping, astrology, divination and ceremonies. It is itself composed of 2 wheels of 13 numbers and 20 solar signs making 260 combinations, as below.
The representation in the Madrid codex shows the 20 cycles of 13 dots or days with their starting solar sign glyphs, radiating out from the centre in the ‘Flower of the Tzolkin Calendar’.
Alternatively here is the Tzolkin as 2 wheels :
Left Wheel : The 13 Numbers in dot bar notation Right Wheel : The 20 Solar Signs
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